贸易标准
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Trading Standards
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第1段
Chickens slaughtered in the United States, claim officials in Brussels, are not fit to grace European tables. No, say the Americans: our fowl are fine, we simply clean them in a different way. These days, it is differences in national regulations, far more than tariffs, that put sand in the wheels of trade between rich countries. It is not just farmers who are complaining. An electric razor that meets the European Union's safety standards must be approved by American testers before it can be sold in the United States, and an American-made dialysis machine needs the EU's okay before it hits the market in Europe.
布鲁塞尔的官员说，在美国屠宰的鸡不适合端上欧洲人的餐桌。不，美国人说，我们的家禽并不差，只是我们的清洁方式不同。如今，阻碍发达国家之间贸易的，主要是各国法规的差异，而不是关税。并不仅仅是农民在抱怨。一把符合欧盟安全标准的电动剃须刀必须得到美国检测人员的批准，方可在美国上市销售； 而美国制造的透析仪也要得到欧盟的首肯才能进入欧洲市场。
第2段
As it happens, a razor that is safe in Europe is unlikely to electrocute Americans. So, ask businesses on both sides of the Atlantic, why have two lots of tests where one would do? Politicians agree, in principle, so America and the EU have been trying to reach a deal which would eliminate the need to double-test many products. They hope to finish in time for a trade summit between America and the EU on May 28th. Although negotiators are optimistic, the details are complex enough that they may be hard-pressed to get a deal at all.
实际使用上，欧洲用着安全的剃须刀不大可能在美国让人触电身亡。 因此，大西洋两岸的企业都在问，一套测试即可（满足前面的安全要求），为什么要搞两套？政治家原则上同意（只搞一套标准），于是，美国和欧洲一直在努力达成协议，以便为许多产品豁免双重检验。因（1997年）5月28日将举办美欧贸易峰会，他们希望尽早达成协议。 虽然谈判代表持乐观态度，但协议细节如此复杂，以致于他们所要完全达成一项协议十分艰难。
第3段
Why? One difficulty is to construct the agreements. The Americans would happily reach one accord on standards for medical devices and then hammer out different pacts covering, say, electronic goods and drug manufacturing. The EU— following fine continental traditions—wants agreement on general principles, which could be applied to many types of products and perhaps extended to other countries.
为什么如此困难呢？一是起草协议难。美国人很愿意就医疗器械的标准达成一致，然后推敲出不同的协议，用以涵盖诸如电子产品和药品生产。欧洲人——遵循优良的大陆传统——则希望就普遍的原则达成协议，而这些原则可适用于许多不同类型的产品，也可能延伸到（适用于）其它国家。
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译文与解析据吴应时整理资料及本站首轮审校稿；词伙与练习提示为本站学习设计。原PDF第36—38页，2022年2月第2版。