体育精神
课文学习台
The Sporting Spirit
区分观点、依据、例子与限制，用自己的话准确重建论述。
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第1段
I am always amazed when I hear people saying that sport creates goodwill between the nations, and that if only the common peoples of the world could meet one another at football or cricket, they would have no inclination to meet on the battlefield. Even if one didn't know from concrete examples the 1936 Olympic Games, for instance that international sporting contests lead to orgies of hatred, one could deduce it from general principles.
人们说体育运动可以发展国家之间的友谊；还说各国民众若能去足球场或板球场，就不愿去战场，听得我总是惊愕不已。即使某人不能从具体的事例（例如1936年的奥运会）得知国际运动比赛会导致疯狂的仇恨，也可以从常理中推断出同样的结论。
第2段
Nearly all the sports practised nowadays are competitive. You play to win, and the game has little meaning unless you do your utmost to win. On the village green, where you pick up sides and no feeling of local patriotism is involved, it is possible to play simply for the fun and exercise: but as soon as the question of prestige arises, as soon as you feel that you and some larger unit will be disgraced if you lose, the most savage combative instincts are aroused. Anyone who has played even in a school football match knows this. At the international level sport is frankly mimic warfare. But the significant thing is not the behaviour of the players but the attitude of the spectators: and, behind the spectators, of the nations who work themselves into furies over these absurd contests, and seriously believe—at any rate for short periods—that running, jumping and kicking a ball are tests of national virtue.
如今开展的体育运动几乎都具有竞争性。参加比赛就是为了赢。如果不全力争胜，比赛也就没有多大意义。在乡间的草坪上，当你随意组成两个队，并且没有牵涉为本地争光的情绪时，那才可能单纯为了娱乐和锻炼而比赛。可是一旦涉及到荣誉问题，一旦你想到你和某个集体会因为你的失利而丢脸时，那么最野蛮的斗争天性就激发了出来。哪怕人们只是参加过学校足球比赛，都会有这种体会。 在国际比赛中，体育可谓是一场模拟战争。但是，要紧的还不是运动员的行为，而是观众的态度，以及观众身后各个国家的态度。面对这些荒唐的比赛，参赛的各个国家似如癫狂，甚至煞有介事地相信—— 至少在短期内如此—— 跑跑、跳跳和踢踢球是对一个民族品质的检验。
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译文与解析据吴应时整理资料及本站首轮审校稿；词伙与练习提示为本站学习设计。原PDF第30—32页，2022年2月第2版。