---
url: >-
  https://gaojian.site/new-concept/book-3/27-nothing-to-sell-and-nothing-to-buy.md
description: 新概念英语第三册：Nothing to Sell and Nothing to Buy。精读、词块回忆、双向译练、句法、逻辑与FSRS复习。
---

# 就不买卖

## 课文学习台 {#study}

### 第1段

It has been said that everyone lives by selling something. In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort. Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us. There are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives, yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service. The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop. Everyone has something to sell.

中文理解：据说每个人都靠出售某种东西来维持生活。根据这种说法，教师靠卖知识为生，哲学家靠卖智慧为生，牧师靠卖精神安慰为生。虽然物质产品的价值可以用金钱来衡量，但要估算别人为我们所提供的服务的价值却是极其困难的。有时，我们为了挽救生命，愿意付出我们所拥有的一切。但就在外科医生恰恰为我们提供这种救命的服务时，我们却可能为所支付的昂贵费用而抱怨。社会上的情况就是如此，技术是必须付钱去买的，就像在商店里要花钱买商品一样。人人都有东西可以出售。

* **in terms of**：从某个角度 / 关于；限定你正在讨论的范围，不能当作所有句子的万能开头。

#### 这一段的读法与用法

注释：①value = worth。②estimate = assess。③perform = do。④possess = have, own。 ⑤grudge = be unwilling to。⑥precisely = exactly。⑦skills = abilities。

\[语法符号讲解] \[1]本句中to estimate 不定式短语作真正的主语，这个主语里面正好包括了一个定语从句，为表示整个部分都是主语，双横线一直画到了最后，但因为不是主语从句，故双横线没有包括点句号。which 为关系代词，在这里作宾语，故 which 的ich 下画横线。

\[2]本句when 引导定语从句，而非时间状语从句，需要留意。在定语从句中， when 为关系副词，在该从句中作状语，在这个 times 后的定语从句中也可以省略；保留 when 能更清楚地标示时间关系。本书在 when 处用中括号标记它在从句中的状语作用。

### 第2段

Tramps seem to be the only exception to this general rule. Beggars almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse the pity of passers-by. But real tramps are not beggars. They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others. In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity. A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him. He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully aware of the consequences. He may never be sure where the next meal is coming from, but he is free from the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people. His few material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease. By having to sleep in the open, he gets far closer to the world of nature than most of us ever do. He may hunt, beg, or steal occasionally to keep himself alive; he may even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom. We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars, but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little envious of their simple way of life and their freedom from care?

中文理解：在这条普遍的规律前面，好像只有流浪汉是个例外。乞丐出售的几乎是他本人，以引起过路人的怜悯。但真正的流浪汉并不是乞丐。他们既不出售任何东西，也不需要从别人那儿得到任何东西，在追求独立自由的同时，他们并不牺牲为人的尊严。流浪汉可能会向你讨钱，但他从来不要你可怜他。他是有意选择这种生活的，并完全清楚以这种方式生活的后果。他可能从不知道下顿饭有无着落，但他不像有人那样被千万桩愁事所折磨。他几乎没有什么财产，这使他能够轻松自如地在各地奔波。由于被迫在露天睡觉，他比我们中许多人都离大自然近得多。为了生存，他可能会去打猎、乞讨，偶尔偷上一两回；确实需要的时候，他甚至可能干一点儿活，但他决不会牺牲自由。说起流浪汉，我们常常带有轻蔑并把他们与乞丐归为一类。但是，我们中有多少人能够坦率地说我们对流浪汉的简朴生活与无忧无虑的境况不感到有些羡慕呢？

#### 这一段的读法与用法

注释：①By having to sleep in the open，不得不在露天过夜之意，作原因状语。 ②in times of real need，在确实需要的时候。

#### Summary 摘要

Unlike beggars, real tramps have nothing to sell and require nothing from others. Although they seek independence, they will not sacrifice their human dignity. They choose their own way of life and are aware of the consequences. They may not know where the next meal is coming from, but they do not have the worries that others have. They can travel easily because they have few possessions and when they sleep in the open, they are close to nature. (79 words)

#### Composition 作文 Tramps Are Parasites 流浪汉是寄生虫

\[1]The majority of adults in society contribute to society by working. They work, earn money and pay taxes for the things we all need—hospitals, schools, public transport, the fire brigade, law and order and so on. We don't expect children or very old people to work and pay taxes. But everyone else should. So why should people like tramps and beggars be different?

\[2]Tramps say all they want is their freedom. Well, they may be free, but their freedom is paid for by everyone else in society. There are many unemployed people who simply cannot get a job—but they would work if they could. And many beggars are people who have turned to begging because they cannot find a job. Tramps are not like them. Tramps lead a very selfish way of life and it is a way of life that shows an unwillingness to assume responsibility for others. The rest of us have a home, children, work, and so on. But not tramps!

\[3]Tramps are lazy parasites on society, and if we all had their mentality, society would not exist, for them or anyone else.

\[4]Although we might in some ways be envious of tramps, and although we might envy their freedom, how many of us could be as selfish as them? How many of us could say "I'm going to live exactly as I want, and damn the rest of society!"? I couldn't. (236 words)

## 学完这一课

保留原段的推进关系，换成自己的经历，写或说一段四五句的话。

[Nce · 本册复习台](/new-concept/book-3/review) · [三册选择地图](/new-concept/)

*译文与解析据吴应时、何景霖整理资料及本站首轮审校稿；词伙与练习提示为本站学习设计。原PDF第91—93页，2022年2月第3版。*