--- url: https://gaojian.site/new-concept/book-2/96-the-dead-return.md description: 新概念英语第二册：The dead return。精读、词块回忆、双向译练、句法、逻辑与FSRS复习。 --- # 亡灵返乡 ## 课文学习台 {#study} ### 第1段 A Festival for the Dead is held once a year in Japan. This festival is a cheerful occasion, for on this day, the dead are said to return to their homes and they are welcomed by the living. As they are expected to be hungry after their long journey, food is laid out for them. Specially-made lanterns are hung outside each house to help the dead to find their way. All night long, people dance and sing. In the early morning, the food that had been laid out for the dead is thrown into a river or into the sea as it is considered unlucky for anyone living to eat it. In towns that are near the sea, the tiny lanterns which had been hung in the streets the night before, are placed into the water when the festival is over. Thousands of lanterns slowly drift out to sea guiding the dead on their return journey to the other world. This is a moving spectacle, for crowds of people stand on the shore watching the lanterns drifting away until they can be seen no more. 中文理解：日本每年过一次 “亡灵节”。这个节日是个欢乐的日子，因为在这一天，据说死去的人要回到他们生前的家，活着的人则对他们表示欢迎。考虑到他们在经过长途旅行之后会感到饥饿，所以为他们摆放好了食品。 特制的灯笼挂在各家的门外，为的是帮助亡灵看清道路。整个夜晚人们载歌载舞。一大早，人们便把为死者摆放的食品扔进河中或海里，因为人们认为活着的人吃了这些东西是不吉利的。在靠海的城镇中，头天夜里挂在大街小巷的小灯笼在节后就放在了水里。成千上万只灯笼慢慢漂向大海，指引着亡灵返回另一个世界。 这是一个感人的场面，人们成群地伫立在海岸上，注视着灯笼远去，直到再也看不见为止。 * **laid out**：醒来 / 熟睡 / 摆好 / 返程；fast asleep 的 fast 强调熟睡，不是睡得快。 * **out to sea**：到海上 / 永远 / 悲伤的场合；注意是叙事中的方向或持续时间，不要把每个小词分开背。 #### 1. A Festival is held… 简单句，主谓结构，被动语态，节日是被举办的. #### 2. This festival is an occasion, for the dead are said… and they are welcomed… 这里 for 是解释原因的并列连词，不是引导普通原因状语从句的 because。for 前为主系表结构；for 后由 and 连接“据说亡灵归家”与“生者欢迎亡灵”两部分，其中 are said to return 是被动报道结构，are welcomed 是被动结构。 #### 3. As they are expected to be hungry, food is laid out… 复合句，主句主谓结构，句首是as 引导的原因状语从句，主谓 + 主补结构. 这里如果为expect them to be hungry 就是谓语 + 宾语 + 宾补的结构了. #### 4. lanterns are hung… 简单句，主谓结构，不过这里对于动词不定式短语所作的目的状语进行额外细分，是一个宾语 + 补足语的搭配to help the dead . #### 6. the food that had been laid out is thrown as it is considered for anyone living to eat it. 复合句，主句主谓结构，有一个that 引导的定语从句修饰主语food，该定语从句为主谓结构. 最后是as 引导的原因状语从句，it 是形式主语，后面的短语为真正的主语. #### 7. In towns that are near the sea, the lanterns which had been hung, are placed when the festival is over. 复合句，本句较长，我们把三个从句在主干结构这里做了标记，主句是主谓结构 the lanterns are placed. 接下来我们逐句分析三个从句：1. 这里是一个that 引导的定语从句修饰地点状语towns，属于成分中的细分，为主系表结构；2. which 引导的定语从句修饰主句的主语，为主谓结构；3. when 引导的时间状语从句，为主系表结构. #### 8. Thousands of lanterns drift… 简单句，主谓结构，不过后面guiding 现在分词短语引导的伴随状语比较长，需要留意，这里只是状语，并非从句. #### 9. This is a spectacle, for crowds of people stand until they can be seen. 并列复合句，for 是并列连词，连接前后两句，前句是简单句，主系表结构；后句是复合句，主句为主谓结构，含有一个until 引导的时间状语从句，也是主谓结构. 单元复习 本课为复习课，教材P435的SD 难点栏目提供了复习例句，斜体为正确词汇. 1. He came \[to see me] \[yesterday] \[as usual]. 他昨天像往常一样来见我. #### 7. Mary’s in the kitchen. She’s washing the plates. 玛丽在厨房里. 她正在洗盘子. 8. \[If you lose your temper] you will regret it. 如果你发脾气，你会后悔的. ## 学完这一课 换一个时间、人物或地点，用三句话讲一件自己的小事。 [Nce · 本册复习台](/new-concept/book-2/review) · [三册选择地图](/new-concept/) *译文与解析据吴应时整理资料及本站首轮审校稿；词伙与练习提示为本站学习设计。原PDF第235—237页，2022年3月第1版。*