--- url: https://gaojian.site/new-concept/book-2/81-escape.md description: 新概念英语第二册：Escape。精读、词块回忆、双向译练、句法、逻辑与FSRS复习。 --- # 脱逃 ## 课文学习台 {#study} ### 第1段 When he had killed the guard, the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes. Working rapidly in the darkness, he soon changed into the dead man's clothes. Now, dressed in a blue uniform and with a rifle over his shoulder, the prisoner marched boldly up and down in front of the camp. He could hear shouting in the camp itself. Lights were blazing and men were running here and there: they had just discovered that a prisoner had escaped. At that moment, a large black car with four officers inside it, stopped at the camp gates. The officers got out and the prisoner stood to attention and saluted as they passed. When they had gone, the driver of the car came towards him. The man obviously wanted to talk. He was rather elderly with grey hair and clear blue eyes. The prisoner felt sorry for him, but there was nothing else he could do. As the man came near, the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow. Then, jumping into the car, he drove off as quickly as he could. 中文理解：那个战俘杀死了卫兵以后，迅速地把尸体拖进了灌木丛。战俘在黑暗中忙活了一阵儿，赶紧换上了死去的卫兵的衣服。现在战俘身穿蓝军装，肩扛步枪，在军营门前大胆地来回走着。他听得见军营里面的喧闹声。 那里灯火通明，人们在东奔西跑：他们刚刚发现有一个俘虏逃跑了。正在此时，一辆黑色大轿车在军营门口停了下来。里面坐了 4个军官。军官们下了车，战俘立正站好，并在军官从他面前经过时敬了礼。军官走后，汽车司机向他走来，这人显然是想过来聊天。他上了年纪，有着白头发和明亮的蓝眼睛。战俘为他感到抱歉，但却没有别的选择。当这个人走近时，战俘一拳把他打倒在地，然后跳进车里，以最快的速度把车开走了。 * **up and down**：来回 / 到处 / 尽一切努力；根据语境看是空间移动，还是为目标付出的努力。 #### 1. When he had killed the guard, the prisoner dragged him… 复合句，主句主谓宾结构，从句是when 引导的时间状语从句，本句在翻译的处理 上要留意代词的具体指向，从句中的he 指主句的the prisoner，而主句的him 又是从句的the guard，所以我们在翻译时干脆直接把代词的具体意思写出来，避免用他、他的，容易引起混淆. #### 2. he changed… 简单句，主谓结构，同样的，本句也需要处理翻译的指向，句中the dead man 指的是上一句被杀的守卫，目前文章只交代了守卫死了，所以在翻译时直接写换上了死去的卫兵的衣服即可. #### 3. the prisoner marched… 简单句，主谓结构，句首是一个状语，交待换上的军装和装备情况. #### 4. He could hear shouting… 简单句，主谓宾结构，itself 是the camp 的同位语，表示强调，就是从营地里面传出来的声音，就是他上一秒还以囚徒身份被囚禁在的营地，现在却即将获得自由，这个itself 便把这个紧张感凸显了出来. #### 5. Lights were blazing and men were running…: they had discovered that a prisoner had escaped. 并列复合句，本句以冒号分为前后两个独立的句子，冒号前是一个并列句，有两个过去进行时的句子，均为主谓结构；而冒号后则是进一步解释说明为什么会把所有的探照灯都打开，以及营地的人们跑来跑去到处搜捕，因为有人逃脱了，这句话是主谓 + 宾语从句的结构，该从句为主谓结构. #### 6. a car stopped… 简单句，主谓结构，本句有一个with 引导的介词短语作后置定语，说明车里坐了几个军官. #### 7. The officers got out and the prisoner stood to attention and saluted as they passed. 并列复合句，本句有两个and，第一个and 为第一层，这个and 前句将军官下车，后面讲战俘立正敬礼，而第二个and 就是连接战俘的立正和敬礼这两个动作，最后是一个as 引导的时间状语从句，当他们经过的时候，主谓结构. #### 8. When they had gone, the driver came… 复合句，主句主谓结构，前面是when 引导的时间状语从句，为主谓结构. #### 10. He was elderly. 简单句，主系表结构，这里grey hair 就是白头发，没必要把灰色翻译出来，白头发就行了. #### 11. The prisoner felt sorry, but there was nothing else he could do. 并列复合句， but 连接了两个句子，前句为主系表结构，后句为there be 句型，里面有一个he could do 的定语从句，修饰nothing else. #### 12. As the man came, the prisoner knocked him… 复合句，主句主谓宾结构，as 引导的时间状语从句为主谓结构. #### 13. he drove off as quickly as he could. 复合句，主句主谓结构，句末是原级比较结构：as + adv. + as + 从句. 第一个as 是副词，表程度，表示同样的，达到某个程度，修饰quickly，这个quickly 也是副词，修饰动词drove off，说明开得有多快；第二个as 是连词，是in the way in which 照…方式的意思，后面是比较状语从句，主谓结构. 这里可以替换为as quickly as possible，但 ASAP 通常是 as soon as possible 的缩写，意为“尽快”，不是 as quickly as possible 的逐字缩写。 ## 学完这一课 换一个时间、人物或地点，用三句话讲一件自己的小事。 [Nce · 本册复习台](/new-concept/book-2/review) · [三册选择地图](/new-concept/) *译文与解析据吴应时整理资料及本站首轮审校稿；词伙与练习提示为本站学习设计。原PDF第198—200页，2022年3月第1版。*