--- url: https://gaojian.site/new-concept/book-2/77-a-successful-operation.md description: 新概念英语第二册：A successful operation。精读、词块回忆、双向译练、句法、逻辑与FSRS复习。 --- # 一次成功的手术 ## 课文学习台 {#study} ### 第1段 The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation. The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes. As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease. The only way to do this was to operate. The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin. The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory. They also found something which the X-ray plates did not show: a small wax figure of the god Duamutef. This god which has the head of a cow was normally placed inside a mummy. The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died. They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened. The mummy successfully survived the operation. 中文理解：死于公元前800年的一位埃及妇女的木乃伊刚刚接受了一次手术。这是曾在底比斯神殿里当过歌手的赛潘姆特的木乃伊。由于在给这个木乃伊拍摄的X 光片子上有些奇怪的斑点，所以，医生们一直试图搞清这位妇女是否死于一种罕见的疾病。搞清的唯一办法就是手术。手术持续了4个多小时，非常难做，因为皮肤上覆盖着一层硬硬的树脂。医生们从木乃伊身上取下一个切片，送去实验室。他们还发现了X 光片所没有显示的东西：一个蜡制的杜瓦木特夫神小塑像。这种有着牛头的神像通常被放在木乃伊体内。医生们至今还未确定这位妇女的死因。他们曾担心在把木乃伊切开后，它会散成碎片，但幸运得很，这种情况并未发生。 这具木乃伊成功地经受了这次手术。 * **find out**：查明；弄清；用于发现信息或原因；寻找具体物品通常用 look for。 * **whether**：不仅 / 两者都不 / 是否；找齐成对结构的两端；不是看见 not only 就一律倒装。 * **because of**：由于；先确认后面是名词性内容；because 后才可以直接接句子。 #### 1. The mummy has had an operation. 复合句，主句主谓宾结构，里面有一个who 引导的定语从句修饰 an Egyptian woman，说明死于公元前 800 年的是这位妇女，不是把 mummy 直接当成人称先行词。mummy 另有英式口语“妈妈”的意思，应按语境区分。 #### 2. The mummy is that who was a singer… 复合句，主句为主系表结构，后面有一个who 引导的定语从句，也是主系表结构. Shepenmut 是人名，也就是这个木乃伊是以这个人的遗体制作的. #### 3. As there were marks, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a disease. 复合句，as 引导的原因状语从句，为there be 句型，而主句为主谓宾结构，宾语为动词不定式短语构成，后面还跟了个whether 引导的从句作 find out 的内容宾语；out 是短语动词中的小品词，不是引出该宾语从句的介词，该宾语从句为主谓宾结构. #### 5. The operation, which lasted…, proved to be difficult… 复合句，主句为主系表结构，即the operation proved to be difficult，这中间插入了一个非限制性定语从句，由which 引导，修饰operation，补充说明了该手术持续的时间情况. 最后是because 短语作原因状语，这里面又额外有一个which 引导的定语从句来修饰resin. #### 6. The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it… 并列句，均为主谓宾结构，这里to laboratory 是送去了实验室，教材用了意译，直接写了送去化验. #### 7. They found something which the X-ray plates did not show… 复合句，主句主谓宾结构，find 的过去式为found. 后面有一个which 引导的定语从句修饰something，而引导词which 在该从句中作宾语，也就是后面的具体内容，这些内容作which 的同位语. #### 8. This god which… was placed… 复合句，主句为主谓结构，被动语态，被放置在木乃伊体内；which 引导的定语从句则修饰god 的具体特点，有一个牛头. #### 9. The doctors have decided how the woman died. 复合句，主句主谓结构，how 引导的从句作decided 的宾语，这个宾语从句也是主谓结构. #### 10. They feared that the mummy would fall when they cut it open, but this has not happened. 并列复合句，but 连接两个句子，前句的主句为主谓 + 宾语从句结构，而宾语从句是主谓结构，在宾语从句之中，又有一个when 引导的时间状语从句，为主谓宾 + 宾补结构. but 的后句为主谓结构. #### 11. The mummy survived the operation. 简单句，主谓宾结构，这里survive 不能理解为存活了，毕竟木乃伊早就没有生命了，故而是成功经受住了这次手术检查. ## 学完这一课 换一个时间、人物或地点，用三句话讲一件自己的小事。 [Nce · 本册复习台](/new-concept/book-2/review) · [三册选择地图](/new-concept/) *译文与解析据吴应时整理资料及本站首轮审校稿；词伙与练习提示为本站学习设计。原PDF第188—190页，2022年3月第1版。*