--- url: https://gaojian.site/new-concept/book-2/59-in-or-out.md description: 新概念英语第二册：In or out?。精读、词块回忆、双向译练、句法、逻辑与FSRS复习。 --- # 进来还是出去？ ## 课文学习台 {#study} ### 第1段 Our dog, Rex, used to sit outside our front gate and bark. Every time he wanted to come into the garden, he would bark until someone opened the gate. As the neighbours complained of the noise, my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the latch to let himself in. Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate. However, when I was going out shopping last week, I noticed him in the garden near the gate. This time he was barking so that someone would let him out! Since then, he has developed another bad habit. As soon as he opens the gate from the outside, he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts. Then he sits and barks until someone lets him out. After this he immediately lets himself in and begins barking again. Yesterday my husband removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed that we have not seen him since. 中文理解：我家的狗雷克斯，过去常坐在大门外面叫。每当它想到花园里来时，便汪汪叫个不停，直到有人把门打开。由于邻居们对狗叫很有意见，所以我丈夫花了几个星期的时间训练它用脚爪按住门闩把自己放进来。雷克斯很快成了开门的专家。然而上星期我正要出去买东西时，发现它正呆在花园里边靠门的地方。这次它叫着，好让人把它放出去！从那以后，它养成了另外一个坏习惯。 它从外面把门一打开，就走进花园，等着门自动关上。接着它就坐下汪汪叫起来，直到有人来把它放出去。出去之后，它又马上把自己放进来，接着再开始叫。 昨天，我丈夫把门卸了下来，雷克斯很生气，此后我们便再也没有见到它。 * **used to**：过去常常 / 习惯于；used to do 说过去习惯；be used to 后说已习惯的事，别混用。 * **complained of**：抱怨；诉说不适；两种介词有重叠，但要留意原句是在抱怨情况还是描述不适。 * **so that**：以便或以致 / 尽管 / 即使 / 仿佛；先判断两部分的关系；even though 说已知情况，even if 常说假设。 * **As soon as**：一……就……；把两个动作的先后关系说清；谈未来时，时间从句通常用一般现在时。 #### 1. Our dog used to sit and bark. 简单句，主谓结构，谓语为并列的两个动词，and 后面的动词实际上省略了前面的 used to. \[关键句型] 本课为复习课，本句复习第50课关键句型，习惯性动作的表达. #### 2. Every time…, he would bark until someone opened the gate. 复合句，主句主谓结构，句首是every time 引导的时间状语从句，主谓宾结构，该句结尾的garden 后面有一个逗号会更为规范，此处补上一个逗号. 句末是until 引导的 另一个时间状语从句，也是主谓宾结构. \[关键句型] 本句的从句复习第51课一般过去时；本句的主句复习第55课，表达过去习惯性动作. #### 3. As…, my husband spent weeks… 复合句，主句主谓宾结构，后面现在分词短语作状语部分可以细分training him . 目的状语也可以细分to let himself . 句首是as 引导的原因状语从句. 本句仍为一般过去时. #### 4. Rex became an expert. 简单句，主系表结构，后面是介词短语作后置定语，修饰这是个什么样的专家. 本句采用一般过去时. #### 5. when I was going out shopping I noticed him in… 复合句，主句主谓宾 + 宾补结构，句首是when 引导的时间状语从句，主谓结构. 主句采用一般过去时，从句用了过去进行时. #### 6. he was barking so that someone… 复合句，主句为主谓结构，过去进行时；so that 引导的目的状语从句为主谓宾 + 宾补结构，主谓宾 + 宾补结构. #### 7. he has developed another bad habit. 简单句，主谓宾结构. \[关键句型] 本句复习第52课现在完成时. #### 8. As soon as he opens the gate, he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts. 复合句，主句主谓宾，两个谓语由and 连接，前后各有一个时间状语从句，前面的从句为主谓宾结构，后面until 引导的为主谓结构. 本句均为一般现在时. #### 9. he sits and barks until… 复合句，主句为主谓结构，两个并列动词作谓语；后面是until 引导的时间状语从句，为主谓宾 + 宾补结构，两句均为一般现在时 #### 10. he lets himself in and begins barking. 并列句，and 连接前后两句，前句为主谓宾 + 宾补结构；后句为省略了主语的主谓宾结构. 本句为一般现在时. #### 11. my husband removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed that we… 并列复合句，and 前句为简单句，主谓宾结构；后句为复合句，主句主系表结构，后面是so…that 引导的结果状语从句，主谓宾结构. 两个主句为一般过去时，状语从句为现在完成时. 教材中没有写that，一般而言，非正式语体，如口语中，结果结构中的 that 常 可以省略，例如 so annoyed we have not seen him since；so 在这里标示程度，不能与 that 一样自由删掉。省略 that 是自然的英语用法，不宜一概说成不规范；学习初期保留 that 有助于看清结构。 教材的难点部分提供了大量例句用于区分to, in order to, so as to, so that, in order that 等表示目的的方式. \[关键句型] 课文并没有内容涉及第58课的被动语态，请回到上一课自行复习. ## 学完这一课 换一个时间、人物或地点，用三句话讲一件自己的小事。 [Nce · 本册复习台](/new-concept/book-2/review) · [三册选择地图](/new-concept/) *译文与解析据吴应时整理资料及本站首轮审校稿；词伙与练习提示为本站学习设计。原PDF第144—146页，2022年3月第1版。*