--- url: https://gaojian.site/new-concept/book-2/57-can-i-help-you-madam.md description: 新概念英语第二册：Can I help you, madam?。精读、词块回忆、双向译练、句法、逻辑与FSRS复习。 --- # 您要买什么，夫人？ ## 课文学习台 {#study} ### 第1段 A woman in jeans stood at the window of an expensive shop. Though she hesitated for a moment, she finally went in and asked to see a dress that was in the window. The assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed. Glancing at her scornfully, he told her that the dress was sold. The woman walked out of the shop angrily and decided to punish the assistant next day. She returned to the shop the following morning dressed in a fur coat, with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other. After seeking out the rude assistant, she asked for the same dress. Not realizing who she was, the assistant was eager to serve her this time. With great difficulty, he climbed into the shop window to get the dress. As soon as she saw it, the woman said she did not like it. She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for. 中文理解：一位穿着牛仔裤的女士站在一家高档商店的橱窗前。她虽然犹豫了片刻，但终于还是走进了商店，要求把陈列在橱窗里的一件衣服拿给她看。 接待她的售货员不喜欢她的那副打扮，轻蔑地看了她一眼后，便告诉她那件衣服已经卖出去了。这位女士怒气冲冲地走出了商店，决定第二天教训一下那个售货员。第二天上午，她又来到这家商店，穿了一件裘皮大衣，一只手拎着一只手提包，另一只手拿着一把长柄伞。找到那个无礼的售货员后，她还要看昨天的那件衣服。那个售货员没有认出她是谁，这一回接待她的态度非常殷勤。费了好大劲儿，他爬进橱窗去取那件衣服。这位女士对那件衣服只看一眼，就说不喜欢。她开心地使唤那位售货员把橱窗里几乎所有的东西都拿了出来，最后才买下了她最先要看的那一件。 * **asked for**：请求 / 作为回报；ask for 请求一件东西；ask someone to do 请求某人做某事。 * **As soon as**：一……就……；把两个动作的先后关系说清；谈未来时，时间从句通常用一般现在时。 #### 这一段的读法与用法 0. 标题 Can I help you, {madam}? 疑问句，问号写在称呼后面，男的则说sir. #### 1. A woman stood… 简单句，主谓结构. \[关键句型] 留意课文中带at, in, off 和with 的介词短语，本句为at the window，介词短语at…在这里作地点状语. #### 2. though she hesitated, she went in and asked to see… that… 复合句，主句是并列句，and 连接两句，前句为主谓结构；后句为省略了主语的主谓宾结构，全句开头是though 引导的让步状语从句，主谓结构，最后面有一个that 引导的定语从句，主系表结构. 本句留意短语in the window. #### 3. The assistant who…did like the way (that) she… 复合句，主句主谓宾结构，然后有两个定语从句，第一个定语从句为who 引导的，主谓宾结构；第二个从句修饰 the way，说明她的穿着方式；she was dressed 表达穿着状态，不能按主谓宾结构理解。 #### 4. he told her that the dress was sold. 复合句，主句主谓宾 + 宾语从句结构，that 引导的宾语从句为主谓结构，被动语态，被售出了. 句首是现在分词作状语. #### 5. The woman walked and decided to punish… 并列句，and 连接前后两句，前句为主谓结构；后句为主谓宾结构，宾语是动词不定式短语，这里宾语可以这样理解：to punish the assistant. #### 6. She returned… 简单句，主谓结构，dressed…这个在这里是过去分词短语作伴随状语，如果前面是这位女士的话，可以改为定语从句，比如The woman (who dressed \[in a fur coat],) returned \[to the shop] \[the following morning]. #### 7. she asked for the same dress. 简单句，主谓宾结构. #### 8. the assistant was eager to serve… 简单句，主干 the assistant was eager 为主系表结构，to serve her 补充 eager 的具体内容，不是主语补语，也没有名词性直接宾语。句首是现在分词的否定形式作状语，我们对于这个状语之中的动宾结构额外做了标记，里面有一个who 引导的从句作宾语. #### 9. he climbed… 简单句，主谓结构. #### 10. As soon as she saw it, the woman said (that) she… 复合句，主句为主谓 + 宾语从句结构，该从句省略了引导词that，从句是主谓宾结构. 句首是时间状语从句，一…就…，主谓宾结构，当女士看到衣服时就立刻说不喜欢，教材按照意思翻译成看了一眼，即表明时间很短便立刻说不喜欢了. #### 11. She enjoyed herself… 复合句，主谓宾结构，不过后面的方式状语可以进一步分析. 现在分词短语所作的方式状语里面可以进一步理解其动宾 + 补语的结构：making make the assistant \. 最后的时间状语有一个省略了that 的定语从句予以修饰the dress，从句中省略的关系代词 that 指 the dress，是 asked for 中 for 的宾语；不能因省略便认为 ask for 后没有对象。 ## 学完这一课 换一个时间、人物或地点，用三句话讲一件自己的小事。 [Nce · 本册复习台](/new-concept/book-2/review) · [三册选择地图](/new-concept/) *译文与解析据吴应时整理资料及本站首轮审校稿；词伙与练习提示为本站学习设计。原PDF第138—140页，2022年3月第1版。*